TWAP marine component assessments
This section offers to download printable reports (in PDF format).See at the bottom of this page to download each chapter separately.
Missing documents will be added in the next weeks.
Supplemental material to assessments
For further information about the overall TWAP Assessment, go to: http://www.geftwap.org/
Assessment of Governance Arrangements for the Ocean, vol. 1: Large Marine Ecosystems (pdf)
ANNEX: Individual Governance Architecture Assessment for Fifty Transboundary Large Marine Ecosystems (pdf)

Assessment of Governance Arrangements for the Ocean, vol. 2: Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (pdf)
Download Marine components chapters separately.
Large Marine Ecosystems chapters (Contents, pdf)
- – Technical Summary (pdf)
- – Introduction (pdf)
- – Assessment Methodology (pdf)
- – Socio-Economics (pdf)
- – Governance (pdf)
- – Productivity (pdf)
- – Fish and Fisheries (pdf)
- – Pollution and Ecosystem Health (pdf)
- - Floating plastic debris (pdf)
- - Pollution status of persistent organic pollutants (pdf)
- - Nutrient inputs from river systems to coastal waters (pdf)
- - Extent of mangroves and drivers of change (pdf)
- - Reefs at Risk Index (pdf)
- - Change in protected area coverage within large marine ecosystems (pdf)
- - Cumulative human impacts in the world’s large marine ecosystems (pdf)
- - Ocean Health Index for the world’s large marine ecosystems (pdf)
- – Identifying Patterns of Risk Among LMEs Using Multiple Indicators (pdf)
- – Conclusion (pdf)
Open Ocean chapters
- – Introduction
- – Conceptual framework
- – Climate and future impact
- – Governance
- – Ecosystems
- – Fisheries
- – Pollution
- – Integrated assessment